AC Repair: Discover Trustworthy Cooling And Heating System Repair Work Near To Your Area

Kinds Of HVAC Repair Work Solutions You Can Rely On

Ever questioned why your air conditioning unit unexpectedly stops blowing cold air on the hottest day of the year? Or why the heating system seems to sputter more than warm your home when winter season bites? These are familiar headaches for anybody searching for Heating and cooling Repair work Near Me. The challenges do not stop there: unusual sounds, varying temperatures, or inefficient airflow can turn comfort into turmoil.

Thankfully, Bold City Heating and Air tackles these concerns head-on, providing a spectrum of specialized repair services that transform pain into cozy relief. Bold City Heating and Air. Here's a glimpse at the core services they master:

1. A/c Repair Work: From refrigerant leakages to compressor failures, every part is inspected and fixed to bring back cool air flow.
2. Heating System Repair: Whether it's a defective thermostat or a damaged heating system igniter, no cold night goes unaddressed.
3. Ductwork Repair: Leaky ducts can waste energy and reduce indoor air quality. Fixing these concealed perpetrators is a game changer.
4. Thermostat Calibration: Accuracy in temperature control guarantees your system runs effectively, saving energy and cash.
5. Emergency Situation Heating And Cooling Solutions: When your system fails unexpectedly, prompt repairs reduce downtime and discomfort.

Envision walking into your home after a blistering day, welcomed by a fresh, perfectly conditioned breeze. Or huddling on a frosty night, positive your heating won't betray you. These aren't just dreams-- Bold City Heating and Air makes them reality with every repair.

Why choose less when the very best heating and cooling repair near me can handle whatever from minor glitches to significant malfunctions? Bold City Heating and Air does not just repair systems-- they restore assurance and comfort to your home.

Typical Heating And Cooling Issues and Solutions

When your ac system sputters and stalls on the hottest day, it seems like deep space is playing a cruel joke. Among the most regular offenders? A clogged up air filter. Dust, pet hair, and particles choke the air flow, forcing your system to work overtime and eventually falter. Ever question why your energy bills all of a sudden surge? That's your a/c system gasping under pressure.

Bold City Heating and Air comprehends the subtle indications that typically go unnoticed until it's practically too late. A whisper of unusual sounds or a faint burning smell can signify internal issues that, if dealt with quickly, avoid expensive replacements.

Top A/c Issues Translated

• Refrigerant leaks-- Invisible yet impactful, these leaks weaken cooling effectiveness and can damage the environment.
• Thermostat malfunctions-- Often the offender isn't the system however the brain behind it, misreading temperature levels and sending mixed signals.
• Frozen coils-- Frequently an outcome of bad airflow or low refrigerant, these icy transgressors stop cooling altogether.

Expert Tips to Keep Your System in Peak Shape

1. Modification filters every 1-3 months; it's the simplest show the greatest benefit.
2. Inspect condensate drains pipes for blockages to avoid water damage and mold buildup.
3. Seal duct leakages to enhance effectiveness-- sometimes a couple of inches of tape save you hundreds.

Have you ever observed your system cycling on and off like an anxious heart beat? That brief cycling is a red flag that Bold City Heating and Air immediately acknowledges. Bold City Heating and Air. They dive deep, detecting with accuracy, ensuring your heating and cooling doesn't just limp along however prospers. Their technique transforms anxiety into relief, turning technical headaches into cool convenience

Choosing a Trusted HVAC Repair Professional

When your a/c sputters out in the peak of summertime, or your heating system refuses to warm a chilly night, you do not just want any technician-- you desire somebody who understands the heart beat of your home's a/c system. Not every technician has the propensity for detecting the sneaky culprits behind ineffective cooling or heating. Picture calling somebody who patches the issue temporarily, just to have the system falter once again days later on. Frustrating, best?

Bold City Heating and Air knows that reliability isn't simply about revealing up; it has to do with appearing ready. Their service technicians arrive equipped with diagnostic tools that dive much deeper than surface symptoms, catching the true essence of the breakdown. They do not simply change parts; they decipher the story your system is informing. Have you ever wondered why your energy expenses increase mysteriously? Often, it's a subtle refrigerant leakage or a stopped up filter that's easy to neglect however costly if disregarded.

Specialist Tips for Identifying a Competent Heating And Cooling Technician

• Certification and Licensing: Confirm qualifications-- trained pros back their deal with recognized certifications.
• Transparent Estimates: Try to find clear explanations, not unclear quotes that dodge the information.
• Diagnostic Approach: Experts utilize methodical checks-- no uncertainty, simply precise problem-solving.
• Communication Skills: Can they discuss repair work without lingo? That's a sign they appreciate your understanding.
• Parts Quality Awareness: They need to focus on resilient components, not fast fixes that fade quick.

Bold City Heating and Air flourishes on an approach that HVAC repair is less about fast repairs and more about long-lived options crafted with care. They welcome the complexity of each system, turning what might look like a daunting repair into a smooth, transparent process. Like an experienced detective, they unravel the quirks of your system, guaranteeing that your convenience isn't simply brought back, however enhanced.

Decoding the Expenses Behind Heating And Cooling Repair Work Solutions

Ever noticed how a simple heating and cooling repair work can often spiral into a wallet-busting experience? The truth lies in the labyrinth of concealed factors that influence repair costs. From the level of the damage to the age of your system, these elements weave a complex story.

Picture a cold night where your air conditioning system sputters and stops working. You require HVAC repair work near me, and all of a sudden, you're confronted with a quote that feels like a puzzling puzzle (Bold City Heating and Air). Just what drives these numbers?

Crucial Element Affecting Repair Work Costs

• Seriousness of the Problem: Minor problems like thermostat breakdowns cost less compared to compressor or coil replacements.
• Devices Age: Older systems often need more substantial repairs or part replacements, which hikes the price.
• Labor Complexity: Difficult-to-access units require more time and proficiency, naturally increasing labor expenses.
• Replacement Parts: Genuine parts versus generic ones, availability, and shipping can swing expenditures commonly.
• Emergency situation Service: Repair work done outside regular hours usually feature premium fees.

Bold City Heating and Air knows these complexities like the back of their hand. They have actually seen firsthand how a broken blower wheel or a blocked condensate drain can turn into a pricey experience if neglected. Their service technicians do not simply spot up-- they detect with precision, guaranteeing you pay for what's needed, not a cent more.

Here's a pro suggestion: routine examination of your HVAC system's filters and condensate lines can prevent small concerns from snowballing. Did you understand a clogged filter can force your unit to work overtime, causing wear that demands expensive repairs?

Does your heating and cooling repair work quote seem like a shot in the dark? Bold City Heating and Air's openness and expertise illuminate the procedure, guiding you through what each expense suggests. After all, comprehending these aspects can turn a stressful repair into a workable financial investment in your house's convenience.

Dependable Air Conditioning Service in Jacksonville, FL

Jacksonville, FL is a dynamic city understood for its extensive park system, stunning beaches, and busy riverfront. As the most populous city in Florida, it uses a diverse economy with strong sectors in finance, logistics, and health care. The city's warm climate makes efficient and reputable HVAC systems vital for locals and organizations alike to remain comfortable year-round.

For those looking for expert suggestions and expert HVAC repair near me, Bold City Heating and Air can offer a complimentary assessment to assist resolve any cooling or heating concerns efficiently. They are ready to help with all your a/c requires.

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1. Downtown Jacksonville: Downtown Jacksonville serves as the central commercial area of Jacksonville, Florida, known for its dynamic mix of heritage architecture and state-of-the-art skyscrapers. It features artistic venues, waterfront parks, and a variety of dining and entertainment options.
2. Southside: Southside is a vibrant district in Jacksonville, FL, known for its blend of housing areas, malls, and business hubs. It offers a mix of metropolitan ease and suburban comfort, making it a well-liked area for households and workers.
3. Northside: Northside is a large district in Jacksonville, FL, known for its diverse communities and factory areas. It features a mix of residential neighborhoods, parks, and commercial zones, aiding the city's growth and development.
4. Westside: Westside is a lively district in Jacksonville, FL, known for its multicultural community and strong cultural heritage. It features a mix of housing areas, shops, and parks, offering a distinctive blend of city and suburban life.
5. Arlington: Arlington is a vibrant district in Jacksonville, FL, known for its mix of housing communities and business districts. It features parks, shopping centers, and access to the St. Johns River, making it a well-liked area for households and outdoor enthusiasts.
6. Mandarin: Mandarin stands as a historic neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its beautiful riverfront views and appealing small-town atmosphere. It features lush parks, local shops, and a rich cultural heritage dating back to the 19th century.
7. San Marco: San Marco is a vibrant neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its heritage architecture and picturesque town center. It offers a mix of boutique shops, restaurants, and cultural attractions, making it a popular destination for residents and visitors alike.
8. Riverside: Riverside is a lively neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its historic architecture and bustling arts scene. It offers a blend of one-of-a-kind shops, restaurants, and scenic riverfront parks, making it a popular destination for locals and visitors alike.
9. Avondale: Avondale is a appealing neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its historic architecture and bustling local shops. It offers a combination of residential areas, trendy restaurants, and cultural attractions along the St. Johns River.
10. Ortega: Ortega is a picturesque and beautiful neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its beautiful waterfront homes and leafy streets. It offers a pleasant blend of traditional Southern architecture and contemporary amenities, making it a desirable residential area.
11. Murray Hill: Murray Hill is a vibrant heritage neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its appealing bungalows and unique local businesses. It offers a blend of residential comfort and a vibrant arts and dining scene, making it a popular destination for residents and visitors alike.
12. Springfield: Springfield is a historic neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its appealing early 20th-century architecture and lively community. It features a combination of residential homes, local businesses, and cultural attractions, making it a popular area for both residents and visitors.
13. East Arlington: East Arlington is a lively neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its mixed community and accessible access to retail and leisure spots. It features a mix of residential homes, green spaces, and local businesses, making it a attractive place to live.
14. Fort Caroline: Fort Caroline is a heritage district in Jacksonville, FL, known for its extensive colonial history and nearness to the site of the 16th-century French fort. It includes a blend of residential areas, parks, and cultural landmarks that showcase its heritage.
15. Greater Arlington: Greater Arlington in Jacksonville, FL, is a lively district known for its housing areas, malls, and parks. It offers a blend of suburban living with close proximity to the Jacksonville downtown and coastal areas.
16. Intracoastal West: Intracoastal West is a vibrant neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its beautiful waterways and close proximity to the Intracoastal Waterway. It offers a blend of living and commercial spaces, providing a distinct combination of urban convenience and natural beauty.
17. Jacksonville Beaches: Jacksonville Beaches remains a vibrant coastal locale in Jacksonville, FL, renowned for its stunning sandy shores and laid-back atmosphere. It offers a combination of residential neighborhoods, local shops, and leisure activities along the Atlantic Ocean.
18. Neptune Beach: Neptune Beach is a lovely coastal neighborhood located in Jacksonville FL, known for its beautiful beaches and laid-back atmosphere. It offers a blend of housing areas, local shops, and dining options, making it a popular destination for both residents and visitors.
19. Atlantic Beach: Atlantic Beach is a beachside community located in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its gorgeous beaches and laid-back atmosphere. It offers a mix of residential areas, local shops, and outdoor recreational activities along the Atlantic Ocean.
20. Jackson Beach: Jacksonville Beach is a dynamic coastal community in Jacksonville, FL, known for its beautiful beaches and energetic boardwalk. It offers a mix of residential neighborhoods, local shops, restaurants, and recreational activities, making it a popular destination for both residents and visitors.
21. Baldwin: Baldwin is a quiet community located within Duval County, near Jacksonville FL, FL, known for its historic charm and close-knit community. It features a blend of residential areas, local businesses, and scenic parks, offering a calm, suburban atmosphere.
22. Oceanway: Oceanway is a housing neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its residential atmosphere and family-friendly amenities. It features a mix of housing options, parks, and local businesses, making it a well-liked area for residents seeking a neighborly environment.
23. South Jacksonville: South Jacksonville is a lively district in Jacksonville, FL, known for its housing areas and small businesses. It offers a blend of historic character and modern amenities, making it a favored area for households and career people.
24. Deerwood: Deerwood is a prominent neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its high-end residential communities and beautiful green spaces. It offers a mix of luxury homes, golf courses, and quick access to shopping and dining options.
25. Baymeadows: Baymeadows is a lively district in Jacksonville, FL, known for its mix of residential neighborhoods and commercial areas. It offers a range of shopping, dining, and recreational options, making it a favored destination for locals and visitors alike.
26. Bartram Park: Bartram Park is a lively neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its up-to-date residential communities and proximity to nature. It offers a mix of urban amenities and outdoor recreational options, making it a favored choice for families and professionals.
27. Nocatee: Nocatee is a master-planned community located near Jacksonville, FL, known for its welcoming atmosphere and comprehensive amenities. It features green spaces, trails, and recreational facilities, making it a favored choice for residents seeking a lively suburban lifestyle.
28. Brooklyn: Brooklyn is a vibrant district in Jacksonville, FL, known for its heritage-rich charm and tight-knit community. It offers a combination of houses, shops, and cultural landmarks that showcase the area's cultural wealth.
29. LaVilla: LaVilla is a historic neighborhood in Jacksonville FL, recognized because of its extensive heritage legacy and vibrant arts environment. Once a flourishing African American community, it had a major part in the urban music and entertainment past.
30. Durkeeville: Durkeeville is a historic in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its strong African American heritage and active community. It features a blend of residential areas, local businesses, and cultural landmarks that reflect its strong foundation in the city's history.
31. Fairfax: Fairfax is a lively neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its historic charm and friendly community. It features a mix of houses, shops, and green spaces, offering a welcoming atmosphere for residents and guests alike.
32. Lackawanna: Lackawanna is a housing neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its tranquil streets and neighborly atmosphere. It features a mix of detached houses and local businesses, contributing to its close-knit atmosphere within the city.
33. New Town: New Town is a historic neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, famous for its vibrant community spirit and deep cultural heritage. It includes a mix of residential areas, local businesses, and community organizations collaborating to revitalize and improve the district.
34. Panama Park: Panama Park is a housing neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its calm streets and community atmosphere. It offers easy access to local facilities and parks, making it an desirable area for households and professionals.
35. Talleyrand: Talleyrand is a historic neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its housing charm and proximity to the St. Johns River. The area includes a mix of historic homes and local businesses, reflecting its vibrant community heritage.
36. Dinsmore: Dinsmore is a residential neighborhood located in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its peaceful streets and friendly atmosphere. It features a mix of single-family homes and local amenities, offering a suburban feel within the city.
37. Garden City: Garden City is a vibrant neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its combination of residential homes and local businesses. It offers a friendly community atmosphere with convenient access to city amenities.
38. Grand Park: Grand Park is a lively neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its historic charm and diverse community. It features leafy streets, local parks, and a range of small businesses that contribute to its inviting atmosphere.
39. Highlands: Highlands is a dynamic neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL known for its pleasant residential streets and local parks. It offers a blend of historic homes and modern amenities, creating a friendly community atmosphere.
40. Lake Forest: Lake Forest is a housing neighborhood located in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its calm streets and family-oriented atmosphere. It features a mix of private residences, parks, and local amenities, making it a desirable community for residents.
41. Paxon: Paxon is a residential neighborhood located in the western part of Jacksonville, Florida, known for its diverse community and budget-friendly housing. It features a mix of single-family homes and local businesses, contributing to its tight-knit, suburban atmosphere.
42. Ribault: Ribault is a dynamic neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its multicultural community and homey feel. It features a mix of historic homes and local businesses, enhancing its unique cultural identity.
43. Sherwood Forest: Sherwood Forest is a living neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its tree-lined streets and kid-friendly atmosphere. It features a combination of traditional and contemporary homes, offering a tranquil suburban feel close to city amenities.
44. Whitehouse: Whitehouse is a residential neighborhood located in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its quiet streets and community-oriented atmosphere. It features a mix of detached houses and local amenities, making it a well-liked area for families and professionals.
45. Cedar Hills: Cedar Hills is a vibrant neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its varied community and easy access to local amenities. It offers a blend of residential and commercial areas, enhancing its active and inviting environment.
46. Grove Park: Grove Park is a residential neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its delightful vintage homes and canopied streets. It offers a close-knit community atmosphere with convenient access to downtown services and parks.
47. Holiday Hill: Holiday Hill is a residential neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its peaceful streets and tight-knit community. It offers easy access to local parks, schools, and shopping centers, making it a attractive area for families.
48. Southwind Lakes: Southwind Lakes is a living neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL known for its serene lakes and well-maintained community spaces. It offers a calm suburban atmosphere with convenient access to local amenities and parks.
49. Secret Cove: Secret Cove is a peaceful waterfront neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its peaceful atmosphere and beautiful views. It offers a mix of residential homes and natural landscapes, making it a popular spot for outdoor enthusiasts and families.
50. Englewood: Englewood is a lively neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its varied community and rich cultural heritage. It offers a blend of residential areas, local businesses, and recreational spaces, making it a bustling part of the city.
51. St Nicholas: St. Nicholas is a historic neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its delightful early 20th-century architecture and thriving community atmosphere. It offers a variety of residential homes, local businesses, and cultural landmarks, making it a distinctive and inviting area within the city.
52. San Jose: San Jose is a dynamic district in Jacksonville, FL, known for its housing areas and business districts. It offers a combination of suburban lifestyle with easy access to parks, retail options, and restaurants.
53. Pickwick Park: Pickwick Park is a living neighborhood in Jacksonville FL, known for its peaceful streets and community-oriented atmosphere. It offers a mix of single-family homes and local amenities, making it a appealing area for families and professionals.
54. Lakewood: Lakewood is a dynamic neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL known for its heritage charm and diverse community. It features a mix of houses, local businesses, and parks, offering a welcoming atmosphere for residents and visitors alike.
55. Galway: Galway is a housing neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its residential atmosphere and neighborly living. It features a combination of single-family homes and local amenities, providing a peaceful and kid-friendly environment.
56. Beauclerc: Beauclerc is a residential neighborhood in Jacksonville FL, known for its peaceful streets and kid-friendly atmosphere. It offers a mix of detached houses and local amenities, making it a favored choice for residents seeking a suburban feel within the city.
57. Goodby's Creek: Goodby's Creek is a housing neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its peaceful atmosphere and proximity to nature. It offers a mix of residential living with easy access to local amenities and parks.
58. Loretto: Loretto is a classic neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its attractive residential streets and friendly community atmosphere. It features a blend of architectural styles and offers convenient access to downtown Jacksonville and nearby parks.
59. Sheffield: Sheffield is a residential neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its peaceful streets and community-oriented atmosphere. It features a combination of private residences and local parks, making it a popular area for families.
60. Sunbeam: Sunbeam is a lively neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its quaint residential streets and strong community spirit. It offers a blend of historic homes and local businesses, creating a inviting atmosphere for residents and visitors alike.
61. Killarney Shores: Killarney Shores is a living neighborhood in Jacksonville FL, Florida, famous for its peaceful streets and close-knit community. It gives convenient access to local parks, schools, and shopping centers, which makes it a desirable area for families.
62. Royal Lakes: Royal Lakes is a residential neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its peaceful environment and family-friendly atmosphere. It features well-maintained homes, local parks, and easy access to nearby schools and shopping centers.
63. Craig Industrial Park: Craig Industrial Park is a industrial and industrial area in Jacksonville, FL, known for its variety of warehouses, manufacturing facilities, and logistics hubs. It serves as a vital hub for local businesses and contributes greatly to the city's economy.
64. Eastport: Eastport is a lively neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its heritage charm and waterside views. It offers a mix of residential areas, local businesses, and recreational spaces along the St. Johns River.
65. Yellow Bluff: Yellow Bluff is a residential neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its calm streets and tight-knit community. It offers a mix of suburban homes and local amenities, providing a pleasant living environment.
66. Normandy Village: Normandy Village is a living community in Jacksonville, FL, recognized for its mid-century houses and kid-friendly atmosphere. It features convenient access to nearby recreational areas, educational institutions, and shopping centers, making it a popular choice for residents.
67. Argyle Forest: Argyle Forest represents a residential area in Jacksonville, FL, famous for its kid-friendly atmosphere and convenient access to shopping and educational institutions. It includes a mix of single-family homes, parks, and recreational amenities, making it a favored choice for suburban living.
68. Cecil Commerce Center: Cecil Commerce Center is a big business district in Jacksonville FL, known for its advantageous location and comprehensive transportation infrastructure. It serves as a focal point for logistics, manufacturing, & distribution businesses, contributing significantly to the local economy.
69. Venetia: Venetia is a residential neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its quiet streets and family-friendly atmosphere. It offers close access to nearby parks, schools, and shopping centers, making it a favored area for families.
70. Ortega Forest: Ortega Forest is a lovely housing neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its classic homes and lush, tree filled streets. It offers a quiet suburban atmosphere while being easily close to downtown Jacksonville.
71. Timuquana: Timuquana is a residential neighborhood located in Jacksonville FL, known for its tranquil streets and community parks. It offers a combination of single-family homes and convenient access to nearby amenities and schools.
72. San Jose Forest: San Jose Forest is a housing neighborhood located in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its green greenery and kid-friendly atmosphere. The area features a variety of private residences and local parks, offering a serene suburban environment.
73. E-Town: E-Town is a lively neighborhood located in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its multicultural community and historic significance. It features a mix of residential areas, local businesses, and cultural landmarks that add to its unique character.

• Air Conditioning Installation: Proper placement of cooling systems ensures efficient and pleasant indoor climates. This critical process ensures best performance and durability of climate control units.
• Air Conditioner: Air Conditioners cool indoor spaces by removing heat and humidity. Proper installation by qualified technicians ensures efficient operation and optimal climate control.
• Hvac: Hvac systems control heat and air's condition. They are essential for creating climate control answers in buildings.
• Thermostat: The Thermostat is the primary component for regulating temperature in HVAC systems. It tells the cooling unit to activate and deactivate, maintaining the preferred indoor environment.
• Refrigerant: Refrigerant is crucial for cooling systems, extracting heat to generate cool air. Appropriate treatment of refrigerants is critical during HVAC setup for effective and secure operation.
• Compressor: The Compressor is a vital heart of the cooling system, pressurizing refrigerant. The process is critical for efficient temperature control in climate control systems.
• Evaporator Coil: An Evaporator Coil takes in heat from inside air, cooling it down. This part is essential for effective climate control system installation in buildings.
• Condenser Coil: This Condenser Coil is an essential component in refrigeration systems, dissipating heat outside. It promotes the heat exchange needed for efficient indoor climate management.
• Ductwork: Ductwork is vital for spreading treated air throughout a building. Suitable duct design and setup are vital for efficient climate regulation system location.
• Ventilation: Effective Ventilation is essential for adequate air flow and indoor air standard. It has a critical role in ensuring optimal performance and effectiveness of climate control systems.
• Heat Pump: Heat pumps move heat, providing both heating and cooling. They're vital components in modern climate control system setups, providing energy-efficient temperature regulation.
• Split System: Split systems offer both heating and cooling via an indoor unit linked to an outdoor compressor. They provide a ductless solution for temperature control in specific rooms or areas.
• Central Air Conditioning: Central air conditioning systems cool entire homes from a single, potent unit. Proper installation of these systems is vital for streamlined and functional home chilling.
• Energy Efficiency Ratio: Energy Efficiency Ratio measures cooling efficiency: a greater Energy Efficiency Ratio shows improved performance and lower energy use for climate control systems. Selecting a unit with a good Energy Efficiency Ratio can significantly lower long-term costs when setting up a new climate control system.
• Variable Speed Compressor: Variable Speed Compressors adjust refrigeration production to match demand, improving performance and comfort in climate control systems. This accurate adjustment decreases power waste and preserves consistent temperatures in building environments.
• Compressor Maintenance: Compressor Maintenance ensures effective operation and lifespan in refrigeration systems. Neglecting it can lead to expensive repairs or system failures when setting up climate control.
• Air Filter: Air Filter trap dust and particles, making sure of pure air flow inside HVAC systems. This enhances system efficiency and indoor air condition throughout temperature regulation setup.
• Installation Manual: An Installation Manual provides key guidance for appropriately setting up a cooling system. It ensures proper procedures are followed for peak performance and safety during the unit's setup.
• Electrical Wiring: Electrical Wiring is vital for powering and controlling the components of climate control systems. Suitable wiring guarantees secure and efficient operation of the cooling and heating units.
• Indoor Unit: The Indoor Unit distributes treated air inside a space. It's a critical component for climate control systems, making sure of suitable temperature management in buildings.
• Outdoor Unit: The Outdoor Unit contains the compressor and condenser, releasing heat outside. It's crucial for a full climate control system installation, guaranteeing efficient cooling inside.
• Maintenance: Regular care ensures efficient operation and lengthens the lifespan of climate control systems. Proper Maintenance averts breakdowns and optimizes the efficiency of installed cooling setups.
• Energy Efficiency: Energy Efficiency is crucial for reducing energy consumption and expenses when establishing new climate control systems. Prioritizing effective equipment and suitable setup reduces environmental effect and maximizes long-term savings.
• Thermodynamics: Thermo explains how heat moves and transforms energy, vital for cooling system system. Efficient climate control design relies on thermodynamic principles to maximize energy use during setup location.
• Building Codes: Building Codes guarantee proper and secure HVAC system setup in structures. They control aspects such as energy efficiency and air flow for climate control systems.
• Load Calculation: Load Calculation determines the heating and cooling needs of a space. It's vital for picking correctly dimensioned HVAC units for effective environmental control.
• Mini Split: Mini Splits provide a ductless approach to climate control, providing targeted heating and cooling. The simple installation makes them appropriate for spaces where adding ductwork for climate modification is impractical.
• Air Handler: The Air Handler moves conditioned air throughout a building. It is a critical component for proper climate control system setup.
• Insulation: Insulation is vital for maintaining effective temperature control within a building. It minimizes heat transfer, reducing the burden on air conditioning and improving temperature setups.
• Drainage System: Drainage systems eliminate liquids produced by cooling equipment. Proper drainage avoids water damage and assures efficient operation of air conditioning setups.
• Filter: Filters are critical parts that eliminate contaminants from the air during the installation of climate control systems. This guarantees cleaner air circulation and protects the system's internal parts.
• Heating Ventilation And Air Conditioning: Heating Ventilation And Air Conditioning systems control inside climate by controlling temperature, humidity, and air condition. Proper installation of these systems ensures efficient and effective refrigeration and climate control within buildings.
• Split System Air Conditioner: Split System Air Conditioner offer effective refrigeration and heating by separating the compressor and condenser from the air handler. Their design eases the process of setting up climate control in homes and businesses.
• Hvac Technician: Hvac Technicians are qualified professionals who focus in the configuration of temperature regulation systems. They ensure proper functionality and effectiveness of these systems for maximum indoor comfort.
• Indoor Air Quality: Indoor Air Quality substantially impacts comfort and health, so HVAC system installation should prioritize filtration and ventilation. Appropriate system planning and setup is crucial for optimizing air quality.
• Condensate Drain: This Condensate Drain removes water created throughout the cooling process, stopping damage and keeping system efficiency. Correct drain setup is crucial for effective climate control device and extended performance.
• Variable Refrigerant Flow: Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) systems accurately regulate refrigerant volume to various zones, providing customized cooling and heating. This technology is essential for creating efficient and flexible climate control in building environments.
• Building Automation System: Building Automation System coordinate and optimize the operation of HVAC equipment. This leads to enhanced climate control and energy efficiency in buildings.
• Air Conditioning: Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems adjust indoor temperature and atmosphere. Proper setup of these systems is crucial for efficient and effective Air Conditioning.
• Temperature Control: Accurate temperature regulation is essential for effective climate control system setup. It ensures optimal performance and comfort in newly installed cooling systems.
• Thermistor: Temperature-sensitive resistors are temperature-sensitive resistors used in weather control systems to measure accurately air temperature. This data assists to control system operation, ensuring optimal performance and energy efficiency in environmental control arrangements.
• Thermocouple: Temperature sensors are temperature sensors crucial for guaranteeing proper HVAC system installation. They correctly assess temperature, allowing precise modifications and peak climate control function.
• Digital Thermostat: Digital Thermostats accurately regulate temperature, optimizing HVAC system performance. They are crucial for setting up home climate regulation systems, guaranteeing effective and pleasant environments.
• Programmable Thermostat: Programmable Thermostats improve climate control systems by enabling personalized temperature routines. This results in improved energy savings and comfort in residential AC setups.
• Smart Thermostat: Smart thermostats improve house temperature management by understanding user desires and changing the temperature automatically. They play a vital role in today's HVAC system setups, improving energy efficiency and convenience.
• Bimetallic Strip: A Bimetallic Strip, made up of two metals with different expansion rates, curves in response to temperature changes. This characteristic is utilized in HVAC systems to operate thermostats and adjust heating or cooling operations.
• Capillary Tube Thermostat: The Capillary Tube Thermostat precisely controls temperature in cooling systems via remote sensing. This component is vital for maintaining desired climate control within buildings.
• Thermostatic Expansion Valve: The Thermostatic Expansion Valve regulates refrigerant stream into the evaporator, maintaining best cooling. This component is crucial for efficient operation of refrigeration and air conditioning systems in buildings.
• Setpoint: Setpoint is the desired temperature a climate management system aims to reach. It guides the system's performance during climate management setups to preserve preferred comfort degrees.
• Temperature Sensor: Temperature sensing devices are essential for controlling heating, air flow, and cooling systems by monitoring air temperature and guaranteeing effective climate control. Their data aids enhance system performance during climate control setup and maintenance.
• Feedback Loop: A Feedback Loop aids in regulating temperature during climate control system setup by constantly monitoring and modifying settings. This guarantees peak performance and energy efficiency of installed residential cooling.
• Control System: Control Systems regulate heat, humidity, and air circulation in air conditioning setups. These systems ensure optimal well-being and energy savings in climate-controlled environments.
• Thermal Equilibrium: Thermal Equilibrium is achieved when components attain the same temperature, essential for effective climate control system installation. Proper balance assures maximum performance and energy conservation in placed cooling systems.
• Thermal Conductivity: Thermal Conductivity dictates how effectively materials move heat, affecting the cooling system setup. Selecting materials with suitable thermal properties assures peak performance of installed climate control systems.
• Thermal Insulation: Thermal Insulation minimizes heat flow, making sure of efficient cooling by reducing the workload on climate control systems. This improves energy efficiency and keeps consistent temperatures in buildings.
• On Off Control: On Off Control keeps wanted temperatures by fully activating or turning off cooling systems. This simple way is important for controlling environment within buildings during environmental control system setup .
• Pid Controller: PID controllers accurately regulate temperature in HVAC systems. This ensures efficient temperature regulation during facility climate configuration and functioning.
• Evaporator: The Evaporator takes in heat from inside a space, chilling the air. It's a critical part in climate control systems designed for indoor comfort.
• Condenser: The Condenser unit is a essential component in cooling equipment, dissipating heat removed from the indoor space to the external environment. Its proper setup is essential for efficient climate control system location and performance.
• Chlorofluorocarbon: Chlorofluorocarbons have been once common refrigerants which helped with cooling in numerous building systems. Their role has diminished due to environmental concerns about ozone depletion.
• Hydrofluorocarbon: Hydrofluorocarbon are coolants frequently used in refrigeration systems for structures and vehicles. Their correct treatment is essential during the setup of climate control systems to avoid environmental damage and assure effective operation.
• Hydrochlorofluorocarbon: Hydrochlorofluorocarbons were previously commonly used coolants in HVAC systems for buildings. Their elimination has resulted in the implementation of more environmentally friendly alternatives for new HVAC systems.
• Global Warming Potential: Global Warming Potential (GWP) shows how much a certain mass of greenhouse gas adds to global warming over a specified period relative to carbon dioxide. Selecting refrigerants with less GWP is crucial when building climate control systems to lessen environmental effects.
• Ozone Depletion: Ozone Depletion from refrigerants poses environmental dangers. Technicians servicing cooling units must follow regulations to prevent further damage.
• Phase Change: Phase Change of refrigerants are vital for efficiently conveying heat in climate control systems. Evaporation and condensation cycles enable cooling by absorbing heat indoors and expelling it outdoors.
• Heat Transfer: Heat Transfer principles are crucial for effective climate control system establishment. Grasping conduction, convection, and radiation guarantees optimal system performance and energy efficiency during the process of setting up home cooling.
• Refrigeration Cycle: The cooling process transfers heat, allowing refrigeration in climate-control systems. Proper setup and maintenance ensure efficient performance and long life of these refrigeration options.
• Environmental Protection Agency: The Environmental Protection Agency regulates refrigerants and establishes standards for HVAC system maintenance to safeguard the ozone layer and lower greenhouse gas emissions. Technicians working with refrigeration equipment must be certified to ensure correct refrigerant handling and prevent environmental damage.
• Leak Detection: Leak Detection guarantees the integrity of refrigerant lines after climate control system placement. Spotting and fixing leaks is vital for optimal function and ecological safety of newly setup climate control systems.
• Pressure Gauge: Pressure Gauge are vital tools for observing refrigerant levels during HVAC system installation. They guarantee best performance and prevent damage by verifying pressures are within defined ranges for proper cooling operation.
• Expansion Valve: This Expansion Valve modulates refrigerant flow in cooling systems, allowing for efficient heat absorption. It is a critical component for peak performance in climate control setups.
• Cooling Capacity: Cooling Capacity decides how well a system can reduce the temperature of a space. Selecting the right level is essential for peak performance in environmental control system placement.
• Refrigerant Recovery: Refrigerant Recovery is the procedure of taking out and storing refrigerants during HVAC system installations. Correctly recovering refrigerants stops environmental harm and guarantees efficient new cooling equipment installations.
• Refrigerant Recycling: Refrigerant Recycling recovers and reuses refrigerants, lessening environmental effects. This procedure is vital when installing climate control systems, ensuring proper disposal and preventing ozone depletion.
• Safety Data Sheet: Safety Data Sheets (SDS) supply critical information on the safe handling and potential hazards of chemicals used in cooling system setup. Technicians depend on SDS data to protect themselves and avoid accidents during HVAC equipment placement and connection.
• Synthetic Refrigerant: Synthetic Refrigerants are vital liquids utilized in refrigeration systems to move heat. Their proper management is essential for effective climate control installation and maintenance.
• Heat Exchange: Heat Exchange is crucial for cooling buildings, enabling efficient temperature regulation. It's a key process in climate control system configuration, aiding the movement of heat to offer comfortable indoor environments.
• Cooling Cycle: The Cooling Cycle is the basic procedure of heat extraction, utilizing refrigerant to take in and give off heat. This cycle is vital for efficient climate control system installation in buildings.
• Scroll Compressor: Scroll compressors efficiently compress refrigerant to power cooling systems. They are a key component for effective temperature regulation in buildings.
• Reciprocating Compressor: Reciprocating pumps are crucial parts that squeeze refrigerant in cooling systems. They aid heat exchange, allowing efficient climate regulation within buildings .
• Centrifugal Compressor: Centrifugal Compressors are vital parts that boost refrigerant pressure in wide climate management systems. They effectively move refrigerant, allowing effective cooling and heating across extensive areas.
• Rotary Compressor: Rotary Compressors represent a critical component in cooling systems, employing a spinning mechanism to compress refrigerant. Their effectiveness and compact size make them ideal for climate control setups in diverse applications.
• Compressor Motor: The Compressor Motor is the main force for the refrigeration process, circulating refrigerant. It is crucial for proper climate control system setup and operation in buildings.
• Compressor Oil: Compressor Oil oils and protects moving parts within a system's compressor, guaranteeing effective refrigerant compression for proper climate control. It is crucial to choose the right type of oil during system installation to ensure durability and optimal function of the cooling appliance.
• Pressure Switch: A Pressure Switch observes refrigerant amounts, making sure the system operates safely. It prevents harm by shutting down the cooling apparatus if pressure falls beyond the ok range.
• Compressor Relay: The Compressor Relay is an electrical device that controls the compressor motor in cooling systems. It guarantees the compressor starts and stops correctly, allowing effective temperature regulation within climate control systems.
• Suction Line: A Suction Line, a key part in cooling systems, transports refrigerant vapor from the evaporator to the compressor. Appropriate sizing and insulation of the line are critical for efficient system performance during climate control setup.
• Discharge Line: The Discharge Line transports hot, high-pressure refrigerant gas from the compressor to the condenser. Proper dimensioning and setup of the Discharge Line are essential for ideal cooling system setup.
• Compressor Capacity: Compressor Capacity dictates the cooling capability of a system for indoor climate control. Choosing the right capacity ensures efficient temperature regulation during climate control installation.
• Cooling Load: Cooling Load is the volume of heat that needs to be taken away from a area to maintain a desired temperature. Accurate cooling load calculation is important for appropriate HVAC system installation and sizing.
• Air Conditioning Repair: Air Conditioning Repair ensures systems operate optimally after they are setup. It's crucial for maintaining effective climate control systems put in place.
• Refrigerant Leak: Refrigerant Leakage lessen cooling efficiency and can lead to equipment failure. Resolving these leakages is essential for appropriate climate control system installation, guaranteeing optimal operation and lifespan.
• Seer Rating: SEER rating shows an HVAC system's refrigeration performance, affecting long-term energy expenses. Elevated SEER numbers mean increased energy savings when establishing climate control.
• Hspf Rating: HSPF Rating indicates the heating efficiency of heat pumps. Increased ratings indicate better energy effectiveness during climate control configuration.
• Preventative Maintenance: Preventative Maintenance makes sure HVAC systems operate efficiently and dependably after setup. Regular maintenance lessens failures and increases the lifespan of climate control setups.
• Airflow: Airflow assures efficient cooling and heating spread across a building. Suitable Airflow is crucial for peak operation and comfort in climate control systems.
• Electrical Components: Electrical Components are essential for energizing and controlling systems that regulate indoor climate. They ensure suitable functioning, safety, and effectiveness in heating and cooling arrangements.
• Refrigerant Charging: Refrigerant Charging is the procedure of introducing the correct quantity of refrigerant to a cooling system. This ensures best performance and effectiveness when setting up climate control units.
• System Diagnosis: The System Diagnosis process detects possible problems prior to, during, and after HVAC system installation. It assures peak performance and prevents upcoming troubles in HVAC installations.
• Hvac System: Hvac System govern heat, moisture, and atmosphere quality in structures. They are essential for creating climate-control solutions in residential and business spaces.
• Ductless Air Conditioning: Ductless systems offer targeted cooling and heating lacking large ductwork. They simplify temperature control setup in rooms that lack pre-existing duct systems.
• Window Air Conditioner: Window air conditioners are standalone units placed in panes to chill individual rooms. They offer a straightforward way for specific climate control within a building.
• Portable Air Conditioner: Portable AC units provide a flexible cooling answer for spaces lacking central systems. They can also offer short-term temperature regulation during HVAC system installations.
• System Inspection: System check ensures correct installation of cooling systems by checking component condition and adherence to installation standards. This procedure guarantees efficient operation and avoids future malfunctions in climate control systems.
• Coil Cleaning: Coil Cleaning ensures efficient heat transfer, vital for peak system performance. This maintenance procedure is essential for proper installation of climate control systems.
• Refrigerant Recharge: Refrigerant Recharge is vital for recovering chilling capacity in air conditioning units. It assures optimal function and longevity of brand new environmental regulation units.
• Capacitor: These devices provide the needed energy increase to start and run motors inside of climate control systems. Their proper function guarantees efficient and dependable operation of the cooling unit.
• Contactor: A Contactor serves as an electrical switch which controls power for the outdoor unit's components. It enables the cooling system to turn on when necessary.
• Blower Motor: This Blower Motor circulates air through the ductwork, enabling effective heating and cooling distribution within a building. It is a key component for indoor climate control systems, ensuring consistent temperature and airflow.
• Overheating: Overheating can severely hamper the performance of recently installed climate control systems. Technicians must address this issue to guarantee effective and reliable cooling operation.
• Troubleshooting: Troubleshooting identifies and fixes issues that arise during climate control system installation. Sound troubleshooting ensures optimal system performance and prevents later problems during building cooling appliance fitting.
• Refrigerant Reclaiming: Refrigerant Reclaiming retrieves and recycles used refrigerants. This process is essential for eco-friendly HVAC system setup.
• Global Warming: Global Warming increases the demand or for cooling systems, requiring demanding more frequent setups installations. This heightened increased need drives fuels innovation in energy-efficient power-saving climate control solutions options.
• Montreal Protocol: The Montreal Protocol phases out ozone-depleting materials utilized in cooling systems. This shift requires using alternative refrigerants in new environmental control setups.
• Greenhouse Gas: Greenhouse gases trap heat, impacting the energy efficiency and environmental impact of climate control system setups. Choosing refrigerants with reduced global warming potential is vital for sustainable climate control implementation.
• Cfc: Chlorofluorocarbons were once essential refrigerants in cooling systems for buildings and vehicles. Their use has been phased out due to their detrimental impact on the ozone layer.
• Hcfc: HCFCs were previously typical refrigerants used in refrigeration systems for buildings and vehicles. They eased the process of setting up climate control systems, but are now being phased out due to their ozone-depleting properties.
• Hfc: HFCs are commonly used refrigerants in refrigeration systems for buildings. Their correct handling is crucial during the installation of these systems to minimize environmental impact.
• Refrigerant Oil: Cooling lubricant oils the compressor in refrigeration units, ensuring smooth operation and a long lifespan. It's vital for the correct operation of climate control setups.
• Phase-Out: Phase-out refers to the gradual reduction of specific refrigerants with high global warming potential. This affects the selection and servicing of climate control systems in buildings.
• Gwp: GWP indicates a refrigerant's potential to heat the planet if discharged. Lower GWP refrigerants are increasingly favored in eco-friendly HVAC system setups.
• Odp: Odp refrigerants damage the ozone layer, affecting regulations for refrigeration system setup. Installers must utilize ozone-friendly alternatives during climate control equipment installation.
• Ashrae: ASHRAE establishes standards and recommendations for HVAC system setup. These standards assure effective and secure environmental control systems application in buildings.
• Hvac Systems: Hvac Systems offer temperature and air quality regulation for indoor environments. They are critical for setting up cooling setups in buildings.
• Refrigerant Leaks: Refrigerant Leaks lower cooling system efficiency and can damage the environment. Correct procedures throughout climate control unit installation are crucial to prevent these leaks and ensure peak performance.
• Hvac Repair Costs: Hvac Repair Costs can significantly influence choices about switching to a new climate control system. Unforeseen repair bills may prompt homeowners to put money in a complete home cooling setup for future savings.
• Hvac Installation: Hvac Installation includes installing warming, air flow, and cooling units. This is essential for allowing effective climate control within structures.
• Hvac Maintenance: Hvac Maintenance guarantees effective operation and extends system lifespan. Proper maintenance is vital for smooth climate control system installations.
• Hvac Troubleshooting: Hvac Troubleshooting identifies and resolves issues in heating, ventilation, and cooling systems. It guarantees peak performance during climate control unit setup and operation.
• Zoning Systems: Zoning Systems divide a building into distinct areas for customized temperature regulation. This strategy improves well-being and energy efficiency during HVAC configuration.
• Compressor Types: Different Compressor Types are critical components for efficient climate control systems. Their choice significantly impacts system efficiency and performance in environmental comfort applications.
• Compressor Efficiency: Compressor Efficiency is vital, determining how efficiently the system cools a space for a given energy input. Improving this efficiency directly impacts cooling system installation costs and long-term operational expenses.
• Compressor Overheating: Compressor Overheating can severely damage the device's heart, leading to system failure. Proper installation guarantees adequate airflow and refrigerant levels, avoiding this problem in climate control system placements.
• Compressor Failure: Compressor malfunction halts the refrigeration process, demanding expert service during climate control system setups. A defective compressor jeopardizes the entire system's efficiency and longevity when incorporating it into a building.
• Overload Protector: An protects the compressor motor from overheating during climate control system setup. It prevents harm by automatically disconnecting power when excessive current or temperature is detected.
• Fan Motor: Fan Motor circulate air across evaporator and condenser coils, a critical process for efficient climate control system setup. They facilitate heat exchange, ensuring optimal cooling and heating performance within the specified space.
• Refrigerant Lines: Refrigerant Lines are essential components that connect the indoor and outside units, moving refrigerant to facilitate cooling. Their correct installation is essential for streamlined and productive climate control system setup.
• Condensing Unit: The Condensing Unit is the outside component in a cooling system. The unit removes heat from the refrigerant, enabling indoor temperature control.
• Heat Rejection: Heat Rejection is critical for cooling systems to effectively remove excess heat from a conditioned space. Proper Heat Rejection ensures efficient performance and lifespan of climate control systems.
• System Efficiency: System Efficiency is crucial for minimizing energy use and operational expenses. Improving efficiency during climate control setup ensures long-term economy and environmental advantages.
• Pressure Drop: Pressure Drop is the reduction in fluid pressure as it flows through a setup, affecting airflow in environmental control setups. Properly managing Pressure Drop is vital for optimal performance and efficiency in climate control systems.
• Subcooling: Subcooling process ensures best system performance by cooling the refrigerant under its condensing temperature. This process avoids flash gas, increasing refrigeration capacity and efficiency during HVAC equipment setup.
• Superheat: Superheat ensures that only steam refrigerant goes into the compressor, preventing damage. It's important to determine superheat during HVAC system setup to maximize cooling capabilities and efficiency.
• Refrigerant Charge: Refrigerant Charge is the quantity of refrigerant in a system, essential for peak cooling performance. Proper charging ensures effective heat transfer and prevents damage during climate control installation.
• Corrosion: Rust worsens metallic parts, potentially causing leakage and system malfunctions. Guarding against Corrosion is vital for maintaining the efficiency and longevity of climate control systems.
• Fins: Blades increase the surface area of coils, boosting heat transfer efficiency. This is crucial for peak performance in HVAC system configurations.
• Copper Tubing: Copper Tubing is essential for refrigerant transfer in HVAC systems due to its robustness and effective heat transfer. Its dependable connections ensure proper system performance during installation of climate units.
• Aluminum Tubing: Aluminum piping is vital for conveying refrigerant in HVAC systems. Its light and rustproof properties render them ideal for linking indoor and outdoor units in HVAC setups.
• Repair Costs: Sudden maintenance can greatly affect the overall expense of setting up a new climate control system. Budgeting for potential Repair Costs ensures a more accurate and comprehensive cost assessment when implementing such a system.

Bold City Heating & Air

4.9(1,687)

Air conditioning repair service·

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8400 Baymeadows Way Suite 1, Jacksonville, FL 32256, United States

Open 24 hours

boldcityac.com

boldcityac.com

+1 904-379-1648

6C9C+2H Baymeadows Center, Jacksonville, FL, USA

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From the owner

That Florida sun? It doesn’t play. Prepping your HVAC system now means cool breezes later. Clean filters ✔️ Check refrigerant ✔️ Program thermostats ✔️ 🔥 Be heatwave-ready with Bold City Heating & Air! Book your seasonal check-up and beat the summer rush!

3 days ago

Updates from customers

Randolph and the crew were so nice and they did a AWESOME Job of putting in new ductwork & installation. Great group of guys. RT would answer any questions you had. Felt comfortable with them in my home. From the girl at the front desk to everyone involved Thank You!! I Appreciate you all. I definitely would recommend this company to anyone 😊

a year ago

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Why would an AC heater not be turning on?

An AC heater may not turn on due to power issues like tripped circuit breakers, blown fuses, or loose wiring, thermostat problems such as dead batteries, incorrect settings, or a faulty unit, or safety features engaging due to clogged filte …

6 months ago

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4.9

1,687 reviews

"Best price and service I have ever had with an HVAC partner"

"Excellent workmanship, knowledgeable, friendly staff from owner to employees."

"They’ve been charging the service contract now the unit does not work."

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Abe Fernandez

11 reviews · 11 photos

a week ago

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DO NOT HIRE THIS COMPANY. TOOK THEM TO COURT AND WON!

We hired Bold City Heating and Air to replace all our air ducts, and the work they performed was shockingly defective. After the job was done we noticed that … More

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Kenneth Jefferson

5 reviews · 3 photos

2 months ago

Jacob; Ben & Josie were very professional and efficient. If I could give 10 stars I would. Very knowledgeable and they kept me informed throughout the whole process of my complete AC installation. The entire process was easy with Bold City … More

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Response from the owner 2 months ago

Thank you so much for your fantastic 5-star review, Kenneth & Monique! We're thrilled to hear that Jacob, Ben, and Josie provided you with professional and efficient service during your complete AC installation. At Bold City Heating & Air, … More

WILLIAM MOSIER

2 reviews · 4 photos

a month ago

Crew showed up on time got done earlier than expected. Everything was clean. They were quiet. I was able to work throughout the day while they were installing. Couldn’t have been more perfect. Happy with the service.

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Response from the owner a month ago

Thank you so much for your fantastic 5-star review, William! We're thrilled to hear that our team at Bold City Heating & Air made the installation process seamless and respectful of your work day. We appreciate your support and are glad you’re happy with our service! Let us know if you need anything else in the future!

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Bold City Heating & Air

HVAC & Air Conditioning Repair in Jacksonville, FL

Bold City offers premium HVAC service and competitive pricing to the Jacksonville, Jacksonville Beaches and Ponte Vedra areas.

24/7 Fast and Reliable. Jacksonville Grown. Family Owned & Operated.

Schedule Now

Summer HVAC Tune Up for Just $89

Get your system ready for the heat!

We’ll inspect, clean, and fine tune your HVAC to boost efficiency, prevent breakdowns, and keep you cool all season long.

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Jacksonville’s Best HVAC Company

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At Bold City Heating & Air, we offer our customers exceptional service when it comes to HVAC in Jacksonville, FL.

From heating and cooling repairs to energy-efficient HVAC installations that save you money, we do it all. When we opened our family-owned business in 2016, we knew we wanted to be the best around and that’s a passion that still stands.

From the moment you call us to the moment we carry out our work, you can depend on us. We believe in clear upfront pricing, no hidden costs, and the highest level of workmanship. With our NATE-certified technicians and Energy Star systems we give you the perfect combination of choice, value, and customer care.
“Experience the Bold Difference” that is Bold City Heating & Air by calling us today!

We Believe In:

Clear Upfront Pricing

No Hidden Costs

High-Level Workmanship

Trusted Heating and Air Pros in Jacksonville

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When it comes to heating and air services in Jacksonville, we offer all the services you need under one roof. But that’s not where our story ends.

From your HVAC system to your ducts and indoor air quality we offer a complete end-to-end solution. Our team is at the heart of everything we do. Our continuous program of education and training ensures our technicians are the best they can be. It also means our entire team stays up to date with the latest systems and technology. From our Energy Star systems to our whole-house approach, you can depend on every service and product we have to offer.

Our educated and experienced HVAC technicians specialize in a broad range of air conditioning, heating & indoor air quality solutions. We are dedicated to finding the right fit for your home or business. Our broad range of expertise ensures a solution to every challenge.

Satisfaction Guaranteed

Prioritizing satisfaction, Bold City Heating & Air exemplifies customer service.

Our Team Will:

• Keep Your Informed
• Target Your Goals

• Provide Honest Answers

Services

Cooling

Heating

Duct Cleaning

Maintenance

New System Installation

Number One For Heating & Cooling

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Keeping you comfortable is our top priority!

When you need an HVAC contractor backed by generations of experience and who truly cares about your satisfaction, turn to Bold City Heating & Air. From air conditioning repairs to the installation of a new energy-efficient heating system, you can depend on our team. We’ll get to you as quickly as we can to solve any problem you might be experiencing.

If you need help with HVAC installation or replacement, we’ll recommend the perfect system and provide you with a competitive quote. We’ll help you to save money on your energy costs going forward and can even help with financing on approved credit.

Jacksonville Grown. Family Owned & Operated.

See What Our Customers Are Saying About Us!

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Recently moved here from MD and was not familiar with the heating/AC unit. Bold City, especially Sam Powel, has been VERY helpful. In our short time here in FL, we have recommended Bold City to acquaintances numerous times, and will continue to do so.

Paul G.

Another excellent job by Bold City. Bryan was on time, thorough, explained his analysis and solution, and completed the job. He demonstrated knowledge and expertise while providing a high level of customer service. Well done!!

John L.

Recently moved here from MD and was not familiar with the heating/AC unit. Bold City, especially Sam Powel, has been VERY helpful. In our short time here in FL, we have recommended Bold City to acquaintances numerous times, and will continue to do so.

Paul G.

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Air conditioning

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about cooling of air. For the Curved Air album, see Air Conditioning (album). For a similar device capable of both cooling and heating, see Heat pump.

"a/c" redirects here. For the abbreviation used in banking and book-keeping, see Account (disambiguation). For other uses, see AC.

There are various types of air conditioners. Popular examples include: Window-mounted air conditioner (China, 2023); Ceiling-mounted cassette air conditioner (China, 2023); Wall-mounted air conditioner (Japan, 2020); Ceiling-mounted console (Also called ceiling suspended) air conditioner (China, 2023); and portable air conditioner (Vatican City, 2018).

Air conditioning, often abbreviated as A/C (US) or air con (UK),^[1] is the process of removing heat from an enclosed space to achieve a more comfortable interior temperature and in some cases also controlling the humidity of internal air. Air conditioning can be achieved using a mechanical 'air conditioner' or through other methods, including passive cooling and ventilative cooling.^[2][3] Air conditioning is a member of a family of systems and techniques that provide heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC).^[4] Heat pumps are similar in many ways to air conditioners but use a reversing valve, allowing them to both heat and cool an enclosed space.^[5]

Air conditioners, which typically use vapor-compression refrigeration, range in size from small units used in vehicles or single rooms to massive units that can cool large buildings.^[6] Air source heat pumps, which can be used for heating as well as cooling, are becoming increasingly common in cooler climates.

Air conditioners can reduce mortality rates due to higher temperature.^[7] According to the International Energy Agency (IEA) 1.6 billion air conditioning units were used globally in 2016.^[8] The United Nations called for the technology to be made more sustainable to mitigate climate change and for the use of alternatives, like passive cooling, evaporative cooling, selective shading, windcatchers, and better thermal insulation.

History

[edit]

Air conditioning dates back to prehistory.^[9] Double-walled living quarters, with a gap between the two walls to encourage air flow, were found in the ancient city of Hamoukar, in modern Syria.^[10] Ancient Egyptian buildings also used a wide variety of passive air-conditioning techniques.^[11] These became widespread from the Iberian Peninsula through North Africa, the Middle East, and Northern India.^[12]

Passive techniques remained widespread until the 20th century when they fell out of fashion and were replaced by powered air conditioning. Using information from engineering studies of traditional buildings, passive techniques are being revived and modified for 21st-century architectural designs.^[13][12]

Air conditioners allow the building's indoor environment to remain relatively constant, largely independent of changes in external weather conditions and internal heat loads. They also enable deep plan buildings to be created and have allowed people to live comfortably in hotter parts of the world.^[14]

Development

[edit]

Preceding discoveries

[edit]

In 1558, Giambattista della Porta described a method of chilling ice to temperatures far below its freezing point by mixing it with potassium nitrate (then called "nitre") in his popular science book Natural Magic.^[15][16][17] In 1620, Cornelis Drebbel demonstrated "Turning Summer into Winter" for James I of England, chilling part of the Great Hall of Westminster Abbey with an apparatus of troughs and vats.^[18] Drebbel's contemporary Francis Bacon, like della Porta a believer in science communication, may not have been present at the demonstration, but in a book published later the same year, he described it as "experiment of artificial freezing" and said that "Nitre (or rather its spirit) is very cold, and hence nitre or salt when added to snow or ice intensifies the cold of the latter, the nitre by adding to its cold, but the salt by supplying activity to the cold of the snow."^[15]

In 1758, Benjamin Franklin and John Hadley, a chemistry professor at the University of Cambridge, conducted experiments applying the principle of evaporation as a means to cool an object rapidly. Franklin and Hadley confirmed that the evaporation of highly volatile liquids (such as alcohol and ether) could be used to drive down the temperature of an object past the freezing point of water. They experimented with the bulb of a mercury-in-glass thermometer as their object. They used a bellows to speed up the evaporation. They lowered the temperature of the thermometer bulb down to −14 °C (7 °F) while the ambient temperature was 18 °C (64 °F). Franklin noted that soon after they passed the freezing point of water 0 °C (32 °F), a thin film of ice formed on the surface of the thermometer's bulb and that the ice mass was about 6 mm (1⁄4 in) thick when they stopped the experiment upon reaching −14 °C (7 °F). Franklin concluded: "From this experiment, one may see the possibility of freezing a man to death on a warm summer's day."^[19]

The 19th century included many developments in compression technology. In 1820, English scientist and inventor Michael Faraday discovered that compressing and liquefying ammonia could chill air when the liquefied ammonia was allowed to evaporate.^[20] In 1842, Florida physician John Gorrie used compressor technology to create ice, which he used to cool air for his patients in his hospital in Apalachicola, Florida. He hoped to eventually use his ice-making machine to regulate the temperature of buildings.^[20][21] He envisioned centralized air conditioning that could cool entire cities. Gorrie was granted a patent in 1851,^[22] but following the death of his main backer, he was not able to realize his invention.^[23] In 1851, James Harrison created the first mechanical ice-making machine in Geelong, Australia, and was granted a patent for an ether vapor-compression refrigeration system in 1855 that produced three tons of ice per day.^[24] In 1860, Harrison established a second ice company. He later entered the debate over competing against the American advantage of ice-refrigerated beef sales to the United Kingdom.^[24]

First devices

[edit]

Electricity made the development of effective units possible. In 1901, American inventor Willis H. Carrier built what is considered the first modern electrical air conditioning unit.^{[25][26][27][28]} In 1902, he installed his first air-conditioning system, in the Sackett-Wilhelms Lithographing & Publishing Company in Brooklyn, New York.^[29] His invention controlled both the temperature and humidity, which helped maintain consistent paper dimensions and ink alignment at the printing plant. Later, together with six other employees, Carrier formed The Carrier Air Conditioning Company of America, a business that in 2020 employed 53,000 people and was valued at $18.6 billion.^[30][31]

In 1906, Stuart W. Cramer of Charlotte, North Carolina, was exploring ways to add moisture to the air in his textile mill. Cramer coined the term "air conditioning" in a patent claim which he filed that year, where he suggested that air conditioning was analogous to "water conditioning", then a well-known process for making textiles easier to process.^[32] He combined moisture with ventilation to "condition" and change the air in the factories; thus, controlling the humidity that is necessary in textile plants. Willis Carrier adopted the term and incorporated it into the name of his company.^[33]

Domestic air conditioning soon took off. In 1914, the first domestic air conditioning was installed in Minneapolis in the home of Charles Gilbert Gates. It is, however, possible that the considerable device (c. 2.1 m × 1.8 m × 6.1 m; 7 ft × 6 ft × 20 ft) was never used, as the house remained uninhabited^[20] (Gates had already died in October 1913.)

In 1931, H.H. Schultz and J.Q. Sherman developed what would become the most common type of individual room air conditioner: one designed to sit on a window ledge. The units went on sale in 1932 at US$10,000 to $50,000 (the equivalent of $200,000 to $1,200,000 in 2024.)^[20] A year later, the first air conditioning systems for cars were offered for sale.^[34] Chrysler Motors introduced the first practical semi-portable air conditioning unit in 1935,^[35] and Packard became the first automobile manufacturer to offer an air conditioning unit in its cars in 1939.^[36]

Further development

[edit]

Innovations in the latter half of the 20th century allowed more ubiquitous air conditioner use. In 1945, Robert Sherman of Lynn, Massachusetts, invented a portable, in-window air conditioner that cooled, heated, humidified, dehumidified, and filtered the air.^[37] The first inverter air conditioners were released in 1980–1981.^[38][39]

In 1954, Ned Cole, a 1939 architecture graduate from the University of Texas at Austin, developed the first experimental "suburb" with inbuilt air conditioning in each house. 22 homes were developed on a flat, treeless track in northwest Austin, Texas, and the community was christened the 'Austin Air-Conditioned Village.' The residents were subjected to a year-long study of the effects of air conditioning led by the nation’s premier air conditioning companies, builders, and social scientists. In addition, researchers from UT’s Health Service and Psychology Department studied the effects on the "artificially cooled humans." One of the more amusing discoveries was that each family reported being troubled with scorpions, the leading theory being that scorpions sought cool, shady places. Other reported changes in lifestyle were that mothers baked more, families ate heavier foods, and they were more apt to choose hot drinks.^[40][41]

Air conditioner adoption tends to increase above around $10,000 annual household income in warmer areas.^[42] Global GDP growth explains around 85% of increased air condition adoption by 2050, while the remaining 15% can be explained by climate change.^[42]

As of 2016 an estimated 1.6 billion air conditioning units were used worldwide, with over half of them in China and USA, and a total cooling capacity of 11,675 gigawatts.^[8][43] The International Energy Agency predicted in 2018 that the number of air conditioning units would grow to around 4 billion units by 2050 and that the total cooling capacity would grow to around 23,000 GW, with the biggest increases in India and China.^[8] Between 1995 and 2004, the proportion of urban households in China with air conditioners increased from 8% to 70%.^[44] As of 2015, nearly 100 million homes, or about 87% of US households, had air conditioning systems.^[45] In 2019, it was estimated that 90% of new single-family homes constructed in the US included air conditioning (ranging from 99% in the South to 62% in the West).^[46][47]

Operation

[edit]

Operating principles

[edit]

Main article: Vapor-compression refrigeration

Cooling in traditional air conditioner systems is accomplished using the vapor-compression cycle, which uses a refrigerant's forced circulation and phase change between gas and liquid to transfer heat.^[48][49] The vapor-compression cycle can occur within a unitary, or packaged piece of equipment; or within a chiller that is connected to terminal cooling equipment (such as a fan coil unit in an air handler) on its evaporator side and heat rejection equipment such as a cooling tower on its condenser side. An air source heat pump shares many components with an air conditioning system, but includes a reversing valve, which allows the unit to be used to heat as well as cool a space.^[50]

Air conditioning equipment will reduce the absolute humidity of the air processed by the system if the surface of the evaporator coil is significantly cooler than the dew point of the surrounding air. An air conditioner designed for an occupied space will typically achieve a 30% to 60% relative humidity in the occupied space.^[51]

Most modern air-conditioning systems feature a dehumidification cycle during which the compressor runs. At the same time, the fan is slowed to reduce the evaporator temperature and condense more water. A dehumidifier uses the same refrigeration cycle but incorporates both the evaporator and the condenser into the same air path; the air first passes over the evaporator coil, where it is cooled^[52] and dehumidified before passing over the condenser coil, where it is warmed again before it is released back into the room.^{[citation needed]}

Free cooling can sometimes be selected when the external air is cooler than the internal air. Therefore, the compressor does not need to be used, resulting in high cooling efficiencies for these times. This may also be combined with seasonal thermal energy storage.^[53]

Heating

[edit]

Main article: Heat pump

Some air conditioning systems can reverse the refrigeration cycle and act as an air source heat pump, thus heating instead of cooling the indoor environment. They are also commonly referred to as "reverse cycle air conditioners". The heat pump is significantly more energy-efficient than electric resistance heating, because it moves energy from air or groundwater to the heated space and the heat from purchased electrical energy. When the heat pump is in heating mode, the indoor evaporator coil switches roles and becomes the condenser coil, producing heat. The outdoor condenser unit also switches roles to serve as the evaporator and discharges cold air (colder than the ambient outdoor air).

Most air source heat pumps become less efficient in outdoor temperatures lower than 4 °C or 40 °F.^[54] This is partly because ice forms on the outdoor unit's heat exchanger coil, which blocks air flow over the coil. To compensate for this, the heat pump system must temporarily switch back into the regular air conditioning mode to switch the outdoor evaporator coil back to the condenser coil, to heat up and defrost. Therefore, some heat pump systems will have electric resistance heating in the indoor air path that is activated only in this mode to compensate for the temporary indoor air cooling, which would otherwise be uncomfortable in the winter.

Newer models have improved cold-weather performance, with efficient heating capacity down to −14 °F (−26 °C).^[55][54][56] However, there is always a chance that the humidity that condenses on the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit could freeze, even in models that have improved cold-weather performance, requiring a defrosting cycle to be performed.

The icing problem becomes much more severe with lower outdoor temperatures, so heat pumps are sometimes installed in tandem with a more conventional form of heating, such as an electrical heater, a natural gas, heating oil, or wood-burning fireplace or central heating, which is used instead of or in addition to the heat pump during harsher winter temperatures. In this case, the heat pump is used efficiently during milder temperatures, and the system is switched to the conventional heat source when the outdoor temperature is lower.

Performance

[edit]

Main articles: coefficient of performance, Seasonal energy efficiency ratio, and European seasonal energy efficiency ratio

The coefficient of performance (COP) of an air conditioning system is a ratio of useful heating or cooling provided to the work required.^[57][58] Higher COPs equate to lower operating costs. The COP usually exceeds 1; however, the exact value is highly dependent on operating conditions, especially absolute temperature and relative temperature between sink and system, and is often graphed or averaged against expected conditions.^[59] Air conditioner equipment power in the U.S. is often described in terms of "tons of refrigeration", with each approximately equal to the cooling power of one short ton (2,000 pounds (910 kg) of ice melting in a 24-hour period. The value is equal to 12,000 BTU_IT per hour, or 3,517 watts.^[60] Residential central air systems are usually from 1 to 5 tons (3.5 to 18 kW) in capacity.^{[citation needed]}

The efficiency of air conditioners is often rated by the seasonal energy efficiency ratio (SEER), which is defined by the Air Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute in its 2008 standard AHRI 210/240, Performance Rating of Unitary Air-Conditioning and Air-Source Heat Pump Equipment.^[61] A similar standard is the European seasonal energy efficiency ratio (ESEER).^{[citation needed]}

Efficiency is strongly affected by the humidity of the air to be cooled. Dehumidifying the air before attempting to cool it can reduce subsequent cooling costs by as much as 90 percent. Thus, reducing dehumidifying costs can materially affect overall air conditioning costs.^[62]

Control system

[edit]

Wireless remote control

[edit]

Main articles: Remote control and Infrared blaster

A wireless remote controller

The infrared transmitting LED on the remote

The infrared receiver on the air conditioner

This type of controller uses an infrared LED to relay commands from a remote control to the air conditioner. The output of the infrared LED (like that of any infrared remote) is invisible to the human eye because its wavelength is beyond the range of visible light (940 nm). This system is commonly used on mini-split air conditioners because it is simple and portable. Some window and ducted central air conditioners uses it as well.

Wired controller

[edit]

Main article: Thermostat

Several wired controllers (Indonesia, 2024)

A wired controller, also called a "wired thermostat," is a device that controls an air conditioner by switching heating or cooling on or off. It uses different sensors to measure temperatures and actuate control operations. Mechanical thermostats commonly use bimetallic strips, converting a temperature change into mechanical displacement, to actuate control of the air conditioner. Electronic thermostats, instead, use a thermistor or other semiconductor sensor, processing temperature change as electronic signals to control the air conditioner.

These controllers are usually used in hotel rooms because they are permanently installed into a wall and hard-wired directly into the air conditioner unit, eliminating the need for batteries.

Types

[edit]

Types	Typical Capacity*	Air supply	Mounting	Typical application
Mini-split	small – large	Direct	Wall	Residential
Window	very small – small	Direct	Window	Residential
Portable	very small – small	Direct / Ducted	Floor	Residential, remote areas
Ducted (individual)	small – very large	Ducted	Ceiling	Residential, commercial
Ducted (central)	medium – very large	Ducted	Ceiling	Residential, commercial
Ceiling suspended	medium – large	Direct	Ceiling	Commercial
Cassette	medium – large	Direct / Ducted	Ceiling	Commercial
Floor standing	medium – large	Direct / Ducted	Floor	Commercial
Packaged	very large	Direct / Ducted	Floor	Commercial
Packaged RTU (Rooftop Unit)	very large	Ducted	Rooftop	Commercial

* where the typical capacity is in kilowatt as follows:

• very small: <1.5 kW
• small: 1.5–3.5 kW
• medium: 4.2–7.1 kW
• large: 7.2–14 kW
• very large: >14 kW

Mini-split and multi-split systems

[edit]

Ductless systems (often mini-split, though there are now ducted mini-split) typically supply conditioned and heated air to a single or a few rooms of a building, without ducts and in a decentralized manner.^[63] Multi-zone or multi-split systems are a common application of ductless systems and allow up to eight rooms (zones or locations) to be conditioned independently from each other, each with its indoor unit and simultaneously from a single outdoor unit.

The first mini-split system was sold in 1961 by Toshiba in Japan, and the first wall-mounted mini-split air conditioner was sold in 1968 in Japan by Mitsubishi Electric, where small home sizes motivated their development. The Mitsubishi model was the first air conditioner with a cross-flow fan.^[64][65][66] In 1969, the first mini-split air conditioner was sold in the US.^[67] Multi-zone ductless systems were invented by Daikin in 1973, and variable refrigerant flow systems (which can be thought of as larger multi-split systems) were also invented by Daikin in 1982. Both were first sold in Japan.^[68] Variable refrigerant flow systems when compared with central plant cooling from an air handler, eliminate the need for large cool air ducts, air handlers, and chillers; instead cool refrigerant is transported through much smaller pipes to the indoor units in the spaces to be conditioned, thus allowing for less space above dropped ceilings and a lower structural impact, while also allowing for more individual and independent temperature control of spaces. The outdoor and indoor units can be spread across the building.^[69] Variable refrigerant flow indoor units can also be turned off individually in unused spaces.^{[citation needed]} The lower start-up power of VRF's DC inverter compressors and their inherent DC power requirements also allow VRF solar-powered heat pumps to be run using DC-providing solar panels.

Ducted central systems

[edit]

Split-system central air conditioners consist of two heat exchangers, an outside unit (the condenser) from which heat is rejected to the environment and an internal heat exchanger (the evaporator, or Fan Coil Unit, FCU) with the piped refrigerant being circulated between the two. The FCU is then connected to the spaces to be cooled by ventilation ducts.^[70] Floor standing air conditioners are similar to this type of air conditioner but sit within spaces that need cooling.

Central plant cooling

[edit]

See also: Chiller

Large central cooling plants may use intermediate coolant such as chilled water pumped into air handlers or fan coil units near or in the spaces to be cooled which then duct or deliver cold air into the spaces to be conditioned, rather than ducting cold air directly to these spaces from the plant, which is not done due to the low density and heat capacity of air, which would require impractically large ducts. The chilled water is cooled by chillers in the plant, which uses a refrigeration cycle to cool water, often transferring its heat to the atmosphere even in liquid-cooled chillers through the use of cooling towers. Chillers may be air- or liquid-cooled.^[71][72]

Portable units

[edit]

A portable system has an indoor unit on wheels connected to an outdoor unit via flexible pipes, similar to a permanently fixed installed unit (such as a ductless split air conditioner).

Hose systems, which can be monoblock or air-to-air, are vented to the outside via air ducts. The monoblock type collects the water in a bucket or tray and stops when full. The air-to-air type re-evaporates the water, discharges it through the ducted hose, and can run continuously. Many but not all portable units draw indoor air and expel it outdoors through a single duct, negatively impacting their overall cooling efficiency.

Many portable air conditioners come with heat as well as a dehumidification function.^[73]

Window unit and packaged terminal

[edit]

Main article: Packaged terminal air conditioner

The packaged terminal air conditioner (PTAC), through-the-wall, and window air conditioners are similar. These units are installed on a window frame or on a wall opening. The unit usually has an internal partition separating its indoor and outdoor sides, which contain the unit's condenser and evaporator, respectively. PTAC systems may be adapted to provide heating in cold weather, either directly by using an electric strip, gas, or other heaters, or by reversing the refrigerant flow to heat the interior and draw heat from the exterior air, converting the air conditioner into a heat pump. They may be installed in a wall opening with the help of a special sleeve on the wall and a custom grill that is flush with the wall and window air conditioners can also be installed in a window, but without a custom grill.^[74]

Packaged air conditioner

[edit]

Packaged air conditioners (also known as self-contained units)^[75][76] are central systems that integrate into a single housing all the components of a split central system, and deliver air, possibly through ducts, to the spaces to be cooled. Depending on their construction they may be outdoors or indoors, on roofs (rooftop units),^[77][78] draw the air to be conditioned from inside or outside a building and be water or air-cooled. Often, outdoor units are air-cooled while indoor units are liquid-cooled using a cooling tower.^{[70][79][80][81][82][83]}

Types of compressors

[edit]

Compressor types	Common applications	Typical capacity	Efficiency	Durability	Repairability
Reciprocating	Refrigerator, Walk-in freezer, portable air conditioners	small – large	very low (small capacity) medium (large capacity)	very low	medium
Rotary vane	Residential mini splits	small	low	low	easy
Scroll	Commercial and central systems, VRF	medium	medium	medium	easy
Rotary screw	Commercial chiller	medium – large	medium	medium	hard
Centrifugal	Commercial chiller	very large	medium	high	hard
Maglev Centrifugal	Commercial chiller	very large	high	very high	very hard

Reciprocating

[edit]

Main article: Reciprocating compressor

This compressor consists of a crankcase, crankshaft, piston rod, piston, piston ring, cylinder head and valves. ^{[citation needed]}

Scroll

[edit]

Main article: Scroll compressor

This compressor uses two interleaving scrolls to compress the refrigerant.^[84] it consists of one fixed and one orbiting scrolls. This type of compressor is more efficient because it has 70 percent less moving parts than a reciprocating compressor. ^{[citation needed]}

Screw

[edit]

Main article: Rotary-screw compressor

This compressor use two very closely meshing spiral rotors to compress the gas. The gas enters at the suction side and moves through the threads as the screws rotate. The meshing rotors force the gas through the compressor, and the gas exits at the end of the screws. The working area is the inter-lobe volume between the male and female rotors. It is larger at the intake end, and decreases along the length of the rotors until the exhaust port. This change in volume is the compression. ^{[citation needed]}

Capacity modulation technologies

[edit]

There are several ways to modulate the cooling capacity in refrigeration or air conditioning and heating systems. The most common in air conditioning are: on-off cycling, hot gas bypass, use or not of liquid injection, manifold configurations of multiple compressors, mechanical modulation (also called digital), and inverter technology. ^{[citation needed]}

Hot gas bypass

[edit]

Hot gas bypass involves injecting a quantity of gas from discharge to the suction side. The compressor will keep operating at the same speed, but due to the bypass, the refrigerant mass flow circulating with the system is reduced, and thus the cooling capacity. This naturally causes the compressor to run uselessly during the periods when the bypass is operating. The turn down capacity varies between 0 and 100%.^[85]

Manifold configurations

[edit]

Several compressors can be installed in the system to provide the peak cooling capacity. Each compressor can run or not in order to stage the cooling capacity of the unit. The turn down capacity is either 0/33/66 or 100% for a trio configuration and either 0/50 or 100% for a tandem.^{[citation needed]}

Mechanically modulated compressor

[edit]

This internal mechanical capacity modulation is based on periodic compression process with a control valve, the two scroll set move apart stopping the compression for a given time period. This method varies refrigerant flow by changing the average time of compression, but not the actual speed of the motor. Despite an excellent turndown ratio – from 10 to 100% of the cooling capacity, mechanically modulated scrolls have high energy consumption as the motor continuously runs.^{[citation needed]}

Variable-speed compressor

[edit]

Main article: Inverter compressor

This system uses a variable-frequency drive (also called an Inverter) to control the speed of the compressor. The refrigerant flow rate is changed by the change in the speed of the compressor. The turn down ratio depends on the system configuration and manufacturer. It modulates from 15 or 25% up to 100% at full capacity with a single inverter from 12 to 100% with a hybrid tandem. This method is the most efficient way to modulate an air conditioner's capacity. It is up to 58% more efficient than a fixed speed system.^{[citation needed]}

Impact

[edit]

Health effects

[edit]

In hot weather, air conditioning can prevent heat stroke, dehydration due to excessive sweating, electrolyte imbalance, kidney failure, and other issues due to hyperthermia.^[8][86] Heat waves are the most lethal type of weather phenomenon in the United States.^[87][88] A 2020 study found that areas with lower use of air conditioning correlated with higher rates of heat-related mortality and hospitalizations.^[89] The August 2003 France heatwave resulted in approximately 15,000 deaths, where 80% of the victims were over 75 years old. In response, the French government required all retirement homes to have at least one air-conditioned room at 25 °C (77 °F) per floor during heatwaves.^[8]

Air conditioning (including filtration, humidification, cooling and disinfection) can be used to provide a clean, safe, hypoallergenic atmosphere in hospital operating rooms and other environments where proper atmosphere is critical to patient safety and well-being. It is sometimes recommended for home use by people with allergies, especially mold.^[90][91] However, poorly maintained water cooling towers can promote the growth and spread of microorganisms such as Legionella pneumophila, the infectious agent responsible for Legionnaires' disease. As long as the cooling tower is kept clean (usually by means of a chlorine treatment), these health hazards can be avoided or reduced. The state of New York has codified requirements for registration, maintenance, and testing of cooling towers to protect against Legionella.^[92]

Economic effects

[edit]

First designed to benefit targeted industries such as the press as well as large factories, the invention quickly spread to public agencies and administrations with studies with claims of increased productivity close to 24% in places equipped with air conditioning.^[93]

Air conditioning caused various shifts in demography, notably that of the United States starting from the 1970s. In the US, the birth rate was lower in the spring than during other seasons until the 1970s but this difference then declined since then.^[94] As of 2007, the Sun Belt contained 30% of the total US population while it was inhabited by 24% of Americans at the beginning of the 20th century.^[95] Moreover, the summer mortality rate in the US, which had been higher in regions subject to a heat wave during the summer, also evened out.^[7]

The spread of the use of air conditioning acts as a main driver for the growth of global demand of electricity.^[96] According to a 2018 report from the International Energy Agency (IEA), it was revealed that the energy consumption for cooling in the United States, involving 328 million Americans, surpasses the combined energy consumption of 4.4 billion people in Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, and Asia (excluding China).^[8] A 2020 survey found that an estimated 88% of all US households use AC, increasing to 93% when solely looking at homes built between 2010 and 2020.^[97]

Environmental effects

[edit]

Space cooling including air conditioning accounted globally for 2021 terawatt-hours of energy usage in 2016 with around 99% in the form of electricity, according to a 2018 report on air-conditioning efficiency by the International Energy Agency.^[8] The report predicts an increase of electricity usage due to space cooling to around 6200 TWh by 2050,^[8][98] and that with the progress currently seen, greenhouse gas emissions attributable to space cooling will double: 1,135 million tons (2016) to 2,070 million tons.^[8] There is some push to increase the energy efficiency of air conditioners. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the IEA found that if air conditioners could be twice as effective as now, 460 billion tons of GHG could be cut over 40 years.^[99] The UNEP and IEA also recommended legislation to decrease the use of hydrofluorocarbons, better building insulation, and more sustainable temperature-controlled food supply chains going forward.^[99]

Refrigerants have also caused and continue to cause serious environmental issues, including ozone depletion and climate change, as several countries have not yet ratified the Kigali Amendment to reduce the consumption and production of hydrofluorocarbons.^[100] CFCs and HCFCs refrigerants such as R-12 and R-22, respectively, used within air conditioners have caused damage to the ozone layer,^[101] and hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants such as R-410A and R-404A, which were designed to replace CFCs and HCFCs, are instead exacerbating climate change.^[102] Both issues happen due to the venting of refrigerant to the atmosphere, such as during repairs. HFO refrigerants, used in some if not most new equipment, solve both issues with an ozone damage potential (ODP) of zero and a much lower global warming potential (GWP) in the single or double digits vs. the three or four digits of hydrofluorocarbons.^[103]

Hydrofluorocarbons would have raised global temperatures by around 0.3–0.5 °C (0.5–0.9 °F) by 2100 without the Kigali Amendment. With the Kigali Amendment, the increase of global temperatures by 2100 due to hydrofluorocarbons is predicted to be around 0.06 °C (0.1 °F).^[104]

Alternatives to continual air conditioning include passive cooling, passive solar cooling, natural ventilation, operating shades to reduce solar gain, using trees, architectural shades, windows (and using window coatings) to reduce solar gain.^{[citation needed]}

Social effects

[edit]

Socioeconomic groups with a household income below around $10,000 tend to have a low air conditioning adoption,^[42] which worsens heat-related mortality.^[7] The lack of cooling can be hazardous, as areas with lower use of air conditioning correlate with higher rates of heat-related mortality and hospitalizations.^[89] Premature mortality in NYC is projected to grow between 47% and 95% in 30 years, with lower-income and vulnerable populations most at risk.^[89] Studies on the correlation between heat-related mortality and hospitalizations and living in low socioeconomic locations can be traced in Phoenix, Arizona,^[105] Hong Kong,^[106] China,^[106] Japan,^[107] and Italy.^[108][109] Additionally, costs concerning health care can act as another barrier, as the lack of private health insurance during a 2009 heat wave in Australia, was associated with heat-related hospitalization.^[109]

Disparities in socioeconomic status and access to air conditioning are connected by some to institutionalized racism, which leads to the association of specific marginalized communities with lower economic status, poorer health, residing in hotter neighborhoods, engaging in physically demanding labor, and experiencing limited access to cooling technologies such as air conditioning.^[109] A study overlooking Chicago, Illinois, Detroit, and Michigan found that black households were half as likely to have central air conditioning units when compared to their white counterparts.^[110] Especially in cities, Redlining creates heat islands, increasing temperatures in certain parts of the city.^[109] This is due to materials heat-absorbing building materials and pavements and lack of vegetation and shade coverage.^[111] There have been initiatives that provide cooling solutions to low-income communities, such as public cooling spaces.^[8][111]

Other techniques

[edit]

Buildings designed with passive air conditioning are generally less expensive to construct and maintain than buildings with conventional HVAC systems with lower energy demands.^[112] While tens of air changes per hour, and cooling of tens of degrees, can be achieved with passive methods, site-specific microclimate must be taken into account, complicating building design.^[12]

Many techniques can be used to increase comfort and reduce the temperature in buildings. These include evaporative cooling, selective shading, wind, thermal convection, and heat storage.^[113]

Passive ventilation

[edit]

This section is an excerpt from Passive ventilation.[edit]

Passive ventilation is the process of supplying air to and removing air from an indoor space without using mechanical systems. It refers to the flow of external air to an indoor space as a result of pressure differences arising from natural forces.

There are two types of natural ventilation occurring in buildings: wind driven ventilation and buoyancy-driven ventilation. Wind driven ventilation arises from the different pressures created by wind around a building or structure, and openings being formed on the perimeter which then permit flow through the building. Buoyancy-driven ventilation occurs as a result of the directional buoyancy force that results from temperature differences between the interior and exterior.^[114]

Since the internal heat gains which create temperature differences between the interior and exterior are created by natural processes, including the heat from people, and wind effects are variable, naturally ventilated buildings are sometimes called "breathing buildings".

Passive cooling

[edit]

This section is an excerpt from Passive cooling.[edit]

Passive cooling is a building design approach that focuses on heat gain control and heat dissipation in a building in order to improve the indoor thermal comfort with low or no energy consumption.^[115][116] This approach works either by preventing heat from entering the interior (heat gain prevention) or by removing heat from the building (natural cooling).^[117]

Natural cooling utilizes on-site energy, available from the natural environment, combined with the architectural design of building components (e.g. building envelope), rather than mechanical systems to dissipate heat.^[118] Therefore, natural cooling depends not only on the architectural design of the building but on how the site's natural resources are used as heat sinks (i.e. everything that absorbs or dissipates heat). Examples of on-site heat sinks are the upper atmosphere (night sky), the outdoor air (wind), and the earth/soil.

Passive cooling is an important tool for design of buildings for climate change adaptation – reducing dependency on energy-intensive air conditioning in warming environments.^[119][120]

Daytime radiative cooling

[edit]

Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) surfaces reflect incoming solar radiation and heat back into outer space through the infrared window for cooling during the daytime. Daytime radiative cooling became possible with the ability to suppress solar heating using photonic structures, which emerged through a study by Raman et al. (2014).^[122] PDRCs can come in a variety of forms, including paint coatings and films, that are designed to be high in solar reflectance and thermal emittance.^[121][123]

PDRC applications on building roofs and envelopes have demonstrated significant decreases in energy consumption and costs.^[123] In suburban single-family residential areas, PDRC application on roofs can potentially lower energy costs by 26% to 46%.^[124] PDRCs are predicted to show a market size of ~$27 billion for indoor space cooling by 2025 and have undergone a surge in research and development since the 2010s.^[125][126]

Fans

[edit]

Main article: Ceiling fan

Hand fans have existed since prehistory. Large human-powered fans built into buildings include the punkah.

The 2nd-century Chinese inventor Ding Huan of the Han dynasty invented a rotary fan for air conditioning, with seven wheels 3 m (10 ft) in diameter and manually powered by prisoners.^{[127]: 99, 151, 233} In 747, Emperor Xuanzong (r. 712–762) of the Tang dynasty (618–907) had the Cool Hall (Liang Dian 涼殿) built in the imperial palace, which the Tang Yulin describes as having water-powered fan wheels for air conditioning as well as rising jet streams of water from fountains. During the subsequent Song dynasty (960–1279), written sources mentioned the air conditioning rotary fan as even more widely used.^{[127]: 134, 151}

Thermal buffering

[edit]

In areas that are cold at night or in winter, heat storage is used. Heat may be stored in earth or masonry; air is drawn past the masonry to heat or cool it.^[13]

In areas that are below freezing at night in winter, snow and ice can be collected and stored in ice houses for later use in cooling.^[13] This technique is over 3,700 years old in the Middle East.^[128] Harvesting outdoor ice during winter and transporting and storing for use in summer was practiced by wealthy Europeans in the early 1600s,^[15] and became popular in Europe and the Americas towards the end of the 1600s.^[129] This practice was replaced by mechanical compression-cycle icemakers.

Evaporative cooling

[edit]

Main article: Evaporative cooler

In dry, hot climates, the evaporative cooling effect may be used by placing water at the air intake, such that the draft draws air over water and then into the house. For this reason, it is sometimes said that the fountain, in the architecture of hot, arid climates, is like the fireplace in the architecture of cold climates.^[11] Evaporative cooling also makes the air more humid, which can be beneficial in a dry desert climate.^[130]

Evaporative coolers tend to feel as if they are not working during times of high humidity, when there is not much dry air with which the coolers can work to make the air as cool as possible for dwelling occupants. Unlike other types of air conditioners, evaporative coolers rely on the outside air to be channeled through cooler pads that cool the air before it reaches the inside of a house through its air duct system; this cooled outside air must be allowed to push the warmer air within the house out through an exhaust opening such as an open door or window.^[131]

See also

[edit]

• Air filter
• Air purifier
• Cleanroom
• Crankcase heater
• Energy recovery ventilation
• Indoor air quality
• Particulates

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